With winter approaching, chest infections and bronchitis are more prevalent. Many people suffer from colds, which, if not managed correctly, can result in chest infections, bronchitis and pneumonia. This adds to the current burden placed on society by coronavirus, or Covid-19. Confusion arises as Covid-19 has many of the same symptoms as your common cold or flu.
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. It may be accompanied by a sore throat, congested sinuses, sneezing, coughing, headache and fever. Treatment is symptomatic, and this infection is usually mild and self-limiting. However, secondary bacterial infections may occur, resulting in sinusitis, pharyngitis or ear infections. Pneumonia may develop in those with pre-existing medical conditions, especially the very young and the elderly.
A cold that goes to your chest is also known as acute bronchitis. This means that the lining of the airways in the lungs have become inflamed. Symptoms include a productive cough, shortness of breath, wheezing and general chest discomfort. The cough that accompanies acute bronchitis can last up to three weeks. Treatment is also symptomatic, but where secondary infection occurs, antibiotics may be prescribed.
Physiotherapy is useful in helping to treat these conditions. The congestion in the sinuses can be treated with laser therapy, ultrasound, soft tissue mobilisation or dry needling. These modalities help to stimulate the nerves to drain the sinuses, which helps to prevent secondary infections. Physio can also help to clear the secretions in the chest that accompany bronchitis, which, in turn, helps minimize the use of antibiotics as it helps to prevent infection. Commonly, nebulisation with a prescribed medication or saline is used, and the physio will do percussions and vibrations on your chest to help mobilise the secretions. These are done in a postural drainage position, which targets specific lobes of the lungs. Breathing exercises also help to decrease wheezing and control shortness of breath.
If you have any of the symptoms mentioned above, please consult with your healthcare professional to determine whether or not a covid test is indicated. Please stay safe and healthy, and make an appointment with your physiotherapist to clear your lungs and sinuses.